Muallif
Aug. 1, 2024
1704Hozirgi kunda dasturlashni o'rganishni istagan odamlarda birgina savol bor – "qaysi dasturlash tilidan ko'proq foyda ko'raman". Aslini olganda hozirda aktual bo'lgan dasturlash tillari u qadar ko'p emas, lekin sizga foyda keltiradiganini o'rganish va o'zingiz qiziqmaganingizga ham vaqt ham pul sarfl
Hozirgi kunda dasturlashni o'rganishni istagan odamlarda birgina savol bor – "qaysi dasturlash tilidan ko'proq foyda ko'raman". Aslida, hozirda aktual bo'lgan dasturlash tillari unchalik ko'p emas, lekin sizga foyda keltiradiganini o'rganish va o'zingiz qiziqmaganingizga ham vaqt ham pul sarflamaslik uchun to'g'ri qaror qabul qilish kerak. Quyida bir qator dasturlash tillari va yo'nalishlari keltirilgan:
Bugunga kelib O'zbekistondagi dasturlash tillari va yo'nalishlariga talab ortib bormoqda. Bularga quyidagilar kiradi:
Web dasturlash saytlar, brauzerda ishlovchi ilovalar yaratishga qaratilgan bo'lib, tarkibiga HTML, CSS kabi tushunish sodda bo'lgan narsalardan tortib PHP, Yii, SQL kabi boshni og'ritadigan narsalar kiradi. Web dasturlashning boshqa dasturlardan farqli va bir vaqtning o'zida ustun tomoni shundan iboratki, siz qilingan ishning natijasi va kamchiliklarini oson ilg'aysiz. HTML va CSS (eng oson qismi)ni o'rganib ham yaxshi bir maoshli ish topishingiz mumkin. Lekin, shunga qaramay, yaxshi mutaxassis bo'lish uchun qolgan tillarga nisbatan juda ko'p narsani o'rganish kerak. Web dasturlashning yomon tomoni ham shundadir. Chunki, bu soha kundan kunga rivojlanayotgani sabab unda qo'llaniluvchi kutubxonalar, dasturlar, kengaytmalar va boshqalar yildan yilga yangilanmoqda. Bu esa Web dasturlashni o'rganishni istagan odamlarda qayerdan boshlash kerakligi bo'yicha tushunmovchilik keltirib chiqaradi. Gapimni soddaroq qilib quyidagicha tushuntiraman:
Sodda qilib shuni aytish mumkinki, Web dasturlash o'rganish uchun sodda va bir vaqtning o'zida qiyin bo'lgan dasturlash yo'nalishidir. Bu sohada ishlovchilar HTML-CSS ni bilibgina 800 ming so'mdan 2,5 mln so'mgacha oylik olishlari mumkin. Web dasturlashni to'la egallagan mutaxassislarning maoshi O'zbekistonning o'zida 4 mlndan 16 mln so'mgacha.
Agar siz turli dasturlar yaratishga, Android tizimidagi qurilmalarga o'yin yoki ilovalar yaratishga qiziqsangiz, unda Java siz uchun. Ochig'i, bu sohaga ayni vaqtda qiziqish sal-pal so'ngan, avvalgidek talab u qadar ko'p emas, lekin maoshi 1,5 mln so'mdan 5 mln gacha bo'lgan ishlar vaqti-vaqti bilan chiqib turadi. Javani yaxshi bilganlar Google Playga pullik ilovalar qilib o'zlari uchun kerakli mablag'ni bemalol topa olishadi.
Python – bu tilni odatda Web dasturlashga bog'lashadi. Agar siz Pythonni yaxshi bilsangiz, biror bir Web dasturlashning backend qismini biluvchi tanishingiz bilan bemalol ishlashingiz mumkin. Bu tilni biluvchilarga qachon maosh to'lashlarini bilmayman. Lekin ayrim saytlardagi ilovalar aynan Pythonda yaratiladi va u saytning bahosi ancha qimmat hisoblanadi.
C/C++ va C# odatda biror bir texnikalarga dastur yozish uchun qo'llaniladi. Ayniqsa C tili mikrokontrollerlar, qurilmalar, robotlarga dastur kiritishda juda muhim rol o'ynaydi. To'g'ri, bu tillarni talab qiluvchi tashkilotlar soni O'zbekistonda sanoqli, lekin oylik yetarlicha baland. Agar siz bu tillardan birortasini yaxshi bilsangiz, qiyin bo'lmagan ishga qo'rqmasdan kamida 3 mln so'rashingiz mumkin, chunki bu soha bo'yicha mutaxassislar O'zbekistonda kam.
iOS ga dastur yozish bu O'zbekistondagi eng maqtovga sazovor ishlardan biri hisoblanadi. Bunga asosiy sabab shundaki, iOS ga dastur yozish yetarlicha qiyin ish. Buning uchun sizda narxi kamida $400 (ishlatilgani) turuvchi Macbook yoki undanda qimmat turuvchi iMac bo'lishi va siz yaxshigina pul to'lab ustoz topishingiz kerak bo'ladi. Lekin, yaxshi o'rgansangiz sizni ulkan boylik kutadi. Tashkilotlar iOS ga dastur yozuvchilarni kamida 5 mln so'm oylik bilan ishga taklif etishadi. Boshqa dasturlash tillaridan farqli ravishda, bu dasturlashni biladiganlarga talab O'zbekistondan yildan yilga oshib bormoqda.
Agar sizga tezda daromad keltiradigan yo'nalish kerak bo'lsa, Java va Web dasturlashni o'rganing, agar sizga ko'p daromadli va juda obro'li yo'nalish kerak bo'lsa, iOS ga dastur yozish yoki C/C++/C# larni o'rganing.
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